There is Fragrance of People

People who make charcoal 숯을 만드는 사람들

Homme-Fatale 2024. 5. 10. 20:29
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The quality of charcoal burned in South Korea is divided into two types: white charcoal and black charcoal.
Both are cooked in the same way, but the difference comes in the way they are extinguished after they are done, and the quality of the charcoal.
Even if they're made from the same oak tree, white and black charcoal will have different compositions of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and ash, as well as different intensity and calorific values, and different properties, such as how easy or difficult it is to light, or how long it lasts once lit.

White charcoal is refined to improve the quality of the charcoal by raising the temperature of nearly finished charcoal to a high temperature of about 1000 degrees by adding air to the kiln at the end of the charcoal's carbonization, burning off the gases produced when the wood decomposes.
While checking the condition of the kiln, the charcoal that has turned red is quickly removed from the kiln and covered with ash to extinguish the fire. This charcoal is called white charcoal, and the ash on the surface of the charcoal gives it a grayish-white color.

For black charcoal, the carbonization temperature is usually between 400 and 700 degrees, with the bottom of the kiln at around 400 degrees and the ceiling at around 700 degrees. At this stage, the opening of the kiln and the passage of the chimney are sealed with stones and clay, and the remaining fire in the kiln is cooled and taken out of the kiln, just like putting charcoal in a jar to extinguish the fire.
It's called black charcoal because the ash doesn't stick to the surface like it does in white charcoal.

White charcoal is harder and higher in quality than black charcoal, and it does not catch fire easily, but once it does, it is long-lasting, so it is ideal for charcoal grilling when used as fuel. And because it is baked at a high temperature, impurities are completely removed and the carbon content is high, so it can be called high-quality charcoal.
In addition to being used as a fuel, white charcoal is also popular for indoor air purification.

 

This traditional method of charcoal making is currently made in very few places in South Korea.
This is because traditional charcoal production requires very skilled craftsmanship and is labor-intensive.

In addition, the resources for high-quality oak wood are limited due to the degradation of forest resources.

 

The kiln where this charcoal is made is very hot inside. After all the charcoal is taken out of the kiln, it cools down for about 2-3 days before being used as a sauna.
Saunas in this natural kiln are said to be very effective in removing impurities from the body and making the body healthier.

 

Most charcoal distributed in South Korea is either imported from China or mass-produced by machines in South Korean charcoal factories.


The owner of this charcoal kiln is a friend of mine, which is why we were able to do this shoot.

Note that the charcoal made here is white charcoal.

 


< 한국어 >

 

 

한국에서 구워지는 숯의 질에 의해서 백탄과 검탄의 2종류로 나눠집니다.
둘다 굽는 방식이 같지만 다 구워진 후 불을 끄는 방식에서 차이가 발생하고 숯의 질도 달라집니다.
같은 참나무로 구웠다 하더라도 백탄과 검탄은 탄소, 수소, 산소, 회분 등의 성분도 숯의 강도 발열량 그리고 불을 붙이기가 쉽거나 어렵거나 또는 불이 점화된 후 오래가거나 오래가지 못하는 등의 성질도 다르게 됩니다.

백탄은 숯의 탄화가 완성단계에서 가마 속에 공기를 넣어 나무가 열분해할 때에 발생한 가스를 연소시키면서 거의 완성되어 있는 숯을 약 1000도 정도의 높은 온도로 올려 숯의 질을 높이기 위하여 정련을 합니다.
이때 가마 속의 상태를 확인하면서 새빨갛게 된 숯을 재빨리 가마 밖으로 꺼내 재 등으로 덮어서 불을 끕니다. 이 숯을 백탄이라고 하고 숯의 표면에 재가 붙어있어 회백색을 띄게 되어 백탄이라고 부릅니다.

검탄의 경우 탄화온도는 대개 400~700도에서 숯이 다 구워지게 되는데 이때 보통 가마 밑 부분은 약 400도 정도이고 천정의 부분은 약 700도 정도가 됩니다. 이 단계에서 가마의 입구와 굴뚝의 통로를 돌과 점토로 밀폐하고 마치 숯불을 항아리에 넣어 불을 끄는 방식과 같이 가마속의 남은 불을 그대로 냉각시켜 가마 밖으로 꺼내는 방식이 검탄입니다.
검탄은 백탄과 같이 재가 표면에 붙어있지 않기 때문에 검탄이라고 부릅니다.

백탄은 검탄보다 질이 단단하고 높으며 불이 잘 붙지 않지만 불이 일단 붙으면 오래가는 성질이 있어 연료로 사용할 때는 숯불구이에 적격입니다. 그리고 고온에서 구워졌기 때문에 불순물도 완전히 제거되고 탄소함량도 높아서 질이 좋은 숯이라고 할 수 있습니다.
백탄은 연료용으로도 사용되고 실내공기정화 용도에도 많이 활용됩니다.

 

 

이러한 전통적인 방식의 숯 제작은 현재 한국에서 매우 소수의 장소에서 만들어지고 있다.
이러한 전통적인 방식의 숯 제작에는 매우 숙련된 기술이 필요하고 노동 집약적인 생산이기 때문이다. 무엇보다 산림자원의 훼손 때문에 고품질의 참나무를 얻을 수 있는 자원 역시 한정되어 있기 때문이다.

 

이렇게 숯을 만든 가마는 실내가 매우 뜨겁습니다. 만들어진 숯을 가마에서 모두 꺼낸 후 2~3일 정도 식힌 후 사우나로 이용됩니다.
이 천연 가마에서 사우나를 하면 몸의 불순물들을 매우 효과적으로 제거해주고 몸을 더욱 건강하게 만들어준다고 알려졌습니다.

 

한국에서 유통되는 대부분의 숯은 중국에서 수입한 제품이거나 한국의 숯 공장에서 기계를 통해 대량 생산되어 유통되고 있다.


이 숯가마를 운영하는 사장님은 제 지인입니다. 그래서 이렇게 촬영을 할 수 있었습니다.

참고로 여기서 만들어진 숯은 백탄입니다.

 


 

 

Thank you for visiting my blog and reading the article.

- Camera : Canon EOS-20D
- Lens : Canon EF 70-200L IS / f2.8

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